A.5 RFF Transitions

None of the RFF formulae needs an input parameter.

A.5.1 Including Contributions of LTE Levels (Unsöld)

                                      2
s  (n, T) =  3.694 .108ehnmin/kT  --ZV ~ --
 kk                               n3   T

nmin  =  min[n, nLT E]
nLTE is the ionization threshold energy of the lowest LTE level.

(cf.  Unsöld 1968)

A.5.2 Including Contributions of LTE Levels with Gaunt Factors

                        8 [           hnmin/kT      ] --Z2---
skk(n, T ) = 3.694  .10   gff (n,T )(e         -  1)   3 V~  --
                                                      n    T

A.5.3 With Gaunt Factors, no LTE Contributions

                        8          --Z2---
skk(n,  T) =  3.694 .10  gff (n,T )  3 V~ --
                                   n    T

For the free-free Gaunt factors, the default is a calculation following Mihalas (1967, ApJ 149, 169). Since these values are calculated from a fit formula within 100 < c < 10000 Å and an extension to longer wavelengths, data (valid from submillimetre to hard X-ray wavelengths and for temperatures from 10 - 109 K) provided by Sutherland (1998, MNRAS 300, 321) can be chosen by input card (Sect. 5.4).