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Member of the International Virtual Observatory Alliance

In the framework of the Virtual Observatory, the GAVO project provides theoretical spectral energy distributions (SEDs).


In a pilot phase, only TMAP NLTE model atmospheres for hot, compact stars are available via the TheoSSA service. TheoSSA gives a VO user easy access to pre-calculated SED grids. In case that no suitable SED is available, the VO user is guided to TMAW, a WWW interface to calculate SEDs using TMAP.


TMAW is using the model atoms which are provided here. We start to provide here some basic model atoms and will add more in future.

A detailed explanation of the keywords etc. used in these files is given in the TMAP User's Guide.


The model ions which are provided for the calculation of the SEDs have to be adjusted in accordance with the model ions used for the model-atmosphere calculation. The list of NLTE levels has to be the same in order to avoid LTE occupation numbers which result in unreliable strengths of lines which arise from these levels. Cut the respective NLTE levels then and paste them in the LTE section.


H
He
Li Be
B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba 57 - 71 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra 89 - 103 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57 - 71 La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
89 - 103 Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr

Hydrogen

A complete model atom (H I - II) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2).

H model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
H I - II all

H model ion for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
H I

Helium

Two complete model atoms are provided (not processed by ATOMS2) for different Teff ranges.

He model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
He I - III < 100
He I - III ≥ 100

He model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
He I He II

Carbon

A complete model atom (C I - VII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide). For log g = 7, examples for model ions in an approximate Teff range are given (not processed by ATOMS2). These are, e.g., automatically selected for model-atmosphere calculations via TMAW, the TMAP WWW interface.


The example plots (H+C models) show the dominant ionization stages for selected Teff. (These H+C models were calculated for test reasons only and, thus, may not be fully converged in the outer atmospheres.)

C model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
C I - VII to be adjusted
C I - IV < 20
C I - V 20 - 40 20 30 40
C II - V 40 - 70 50 60
C III - V 70 - 150 70 100
C IV - VI 150 - 200 150
C IV - VII ≥ 200 200 300

C model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
C I C II C III C IV C V
C VI

Nitrogen

A complete model atom (N I - VIII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide). For log g = 7, examples for model ions in an approximate Teff range are given (not processed by ATOMS2). These are, e.g., automatically selected for model-atmosphere calculations via TMAW, the TMAP WWW interface.


The example plots (H+N models) show the dominant ionization stages for selected Teff. (These H+N models were calculated for test reasons only and, thus, may not be fully converged in the outer atmospheres.)

N model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
N I - VIII to be adjusted
N I - IV ≤ 20
N I - V 20 - 40 30 40
N II - VI 40 - 70 50 60
N III - VI 70 - 140 70 100
N IV - VII 140 - 200 150
N V - VIII > 200 200 300

N model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
N I N II N III N IV N V
N VI N VII

Oxygen

A complete model atom (O I - VIII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide). For log g = 7, examples for model ions in an approximate Teff range are given (not processed by ATOMS2). These are, e.g., automatically selected for model-atmosphere calculations via TMAW, the TMAP WWW interface.


The example plots (H+O models) show the dominant ionization stages for selected Teff. (These H+O models were calculated for test reasons only and, thus, may not be fully converged in the outer atmospheres.)

O model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
O I - IX to be adjusted
O I - IV ≤ 20 20
O I - V 20 - 30 30
O II - V 30 - 40 40
O II - VI 40 - 70 50 60 70
O III - VII 70 - 140 100
O IV - VII 140 - 180 150
O V - VII 180 - 250 200
O V - VIII 300

O model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
O I O II O III O IV O V
O VI O VII O VIII

Fluorine

A preliminary model atom (F II - X) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide). For log g = 7, examples for model ions in an approximate Teff range are given (not processed by ATOMS2). These are, e.g., automatically selected for model-atmosphere calculations via TMAW, the TMAP WWW interface.


The example plots (H+F models) show the dominant ionization stages for selected Teff. (These H+F models were calculated for test reasons only and, thus, may not be fully converged in the outer atmospheres.)

F model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
F II - X to be adjusted
F III - VI 50 - 80 50
F III - VIII 80 - 130 100
F IV - VIII 130 - 180 150
F V - VIII 180 - 250 200
F VI - IX 250 - 400 300
F VIII - X > 400

F model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
F II F III F IV F V
F VI F VII

Neon

A complete model atom (Ne I - XI) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide). For log g = 7 (9 at Teff = 500 kK), examples for model ions in an approximate Teff range are given (not processed by ATOMS2). These are, e.g., automatically selected for model-atmosphere calculations via TMAW, the TMAP WWW interface.


The example plots (H+Ne models) show the dominant ionization stages for selected Teff. (These H+Ne models were calculated for test reasons only and, thus, may not be fully converged in the outer atmospheres.)


The Ne VIII model ion was used in Werner, Rauch & Kruk 2007, A&A, 474, 591.

Ne model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Ne I - XI to be adjusted
Ne I - III < 20 20
Ne I - IV 20 - 25 20
Ne I - V 25 - 35 30
Ne I - VI 35 - 55 40 50
Ne II - VII 55 - 75 60 70
Ne III - VIII 75 - 130 100
Ne IV - IX 130 - 180 150
Ne V - X 180 - 250 200
Ne VI - X 250 - 400 300
Ne VII - XI > 400 500

Ne model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Ne I Ne II Ne III Ne IV Ne V
Ne VI Ne VII Ne VIII Ne IX Ne X

Sodium

A complete model atom (Na I - XII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Na model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Na I - XII to be adjusted
Na I - III < 30 20
Na II - V 30 - 40 35
Na II - VI 40 - 50 45
Na III - VI 50 - 70 60
Na IV - VIII 70 - 100 90 100
Na V - IX 100 - 140 120
Na VI - IX 140 - 180 160
Na VII - X 180 - 300 190 250
Na VII - XI 300 - 400 350
Na VIII - XI 400 - 700 450 500
Na VIII - XII > 700 750

Na model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Na I Na II Na III Na IV Na V
Na VI Na VII Na VIII Na IX Na X
Na XI

Magnesium

A complete model atom (Mg I - XIII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide). For log g = 7 (9 at Teff > 300 kK), examples for model ions in an approximate Teff range are given (not processed by ATOMS2). These are, e.g., automatically selected for model-atmosphere calculations via TMAW, the TMAP WWW interface.


The example plots (H+Mg models) show the dominant ionization stages for selected Teff. (These H+Mg models were calculated for test reasons only and, thus, may not be fully converged in the outer atmospheres.)

Mg model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Mg I - XIII to be adjusted
Mg I - III < 20 20
Mg I - IV 20 - 25 20
Mg I - V 25 - 45 30 40
Mg I - VI 45 - 55 50
Mg II - VI 55 - 65 60
Mg II - VII 65 - 75 70
Mg III - VIII 75 - 130 100
Mg IV - IX 130 - 180 150
Mg V - X 180 - 250 200
Mg VI - XI 250 - 350 300
Mg VII - XII 350 - 500 400
Mg VIII - XIII > 500 500

Mg model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Mg I Mg II Mg III Mg IV Mg V
Mg VI Mg VII Mg VIII Mg IX Mg X
Mg XI Mg XII

Aluminium

A complete model atom (Al I - XIV) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Al model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Al I - XIV to be adjusted
Al I - IV < 20 20
Al II - V 20 - 35 30
Al III - VI 35 - 45 40
Al III - VII 45 - 70 50 60 70
Al III - VIII 70 - 100 80 90 100
Al V - X 100 - 150 150
Al V - XII 150 - 250 200
Al VI - XII 250 - 300 250
Al VIII - XIII > 300 300 350 400

Al model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Al I Al II Al III Al IV Al V
Al VI Al VII Al VIII Al IX Al X
Al XI Al XII Al XIII

Silicon

A complete model atom (SI I - XV) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Si model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
SI I - XV to be adjusted
SI X - XV > 500

Si model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
SI III SI IV SI V
SI VI SI VII SI VIII SI X
SI XI SI XII SI XIII

Phosphorus

A complete model atom (P I - XVI) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

P model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
P I - XVI to be adjusted
P I - IV 20 20
P II - VI 20 - 55 30 40
P III - VII 55 - 80 50 60 70
P IV - VIII 80 - 150 100
P VI - X 150 - 250 200
P X - XIII 250 - 350 300
P X - XIV 350 - 450 400
P XI - XV 450 - 600 500

P model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
P I P II P III P IV P V
P VI P VII P VIII P IX P X
P XI P XII P XIII P XIV

Sulfur

A complete model atom (S I - XVII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

S model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
S I - XVII to be adjusted

S model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
S I S II S III S IV S V
S VI S VII S VIII S IX S X
S XI S XII S XIII S XIV S XV

Chlorine

A preliminary model atom (Cl I - VIII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Cl model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Cl I - VIII to be adjusted

Cl model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Cl II Cl III Cl IV Cl V
Cl VI Cl VII

Argon

A preliminary model atom (Ar II - X) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Ar model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Ar II - X to be adjusted

Ar model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Ar II Ar III Ar IV Ar V
Ar VI Ar VII Ar VIII

Calcium

Preliminary model atoms (Ca I - IV and Ca VIII - XII) are provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Ca model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Ca I - IV 5 - 25
Ca VIII - XII 150 - 250

Ca model ion for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Ca II

Zinc

A preliminary model atom (Zn II - VI) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Zn model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Zn II - VI 50 - 80

Zn model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Zn IV Zn V

Germanium

A preliminary model atom (Ge III - VII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Ge model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Ge III - VII 70 - 90

Ge model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Ge IV Ge V
Ge VI

Arsenic

A preliminary model atom (As IV - VIII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

As model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
As IV - VIII 40 - 90

As model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
As IV As V

Bromine

A preliminary model atom (Br IV - IX) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Br model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Br IV - IX 50 - 90 70

Br model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Br IV Br V
Br VI

Krypton

A preliminary model atom (Kr III - VIII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Kr model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Kr III - VIII 50 - 90 70

Kr model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Kr VI Kr VII

Technetium

Grotrian diagrams are provided below.

Tc model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK

Tc model ion for the calculation of the emergent spectrum

Tin

A preliminary model atom (Sn II - VII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Sn model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Sn II - VII 40 - 80

Sn model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Sn III Sn IV

Antimony

A preliminary model atom (Sb IV - IX) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Sn model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Sb IV - IX 40 - 80

Sb model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Sb IV Sb V
Sb VI

Xenon

A preliminary model atom (Xe III - VIII) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Xe model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Xe III - VIII 50 - 90 70

Xe model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Xe VI Xe VII

Barium

A preliminary model atom (Ba IV - IX) is provided (not processed by ATOMS2 - please read the header for the sources of the atomic data). For model-atmosphere calculations, this model atom has to be individually adjusted depending on Teff and log g (for further details and the use of ATOMS2, please have a look into the TMAP User's Guide).

Ba model atom for TMAP model-atmosphere calculation
ions valid for ≈ Teff / kK ionization fractions
at Teff / kK
Ba III - IX 50 - 90

Ba model ions for the calculation of the emergent spectrum
Ba V
Ba VI Ba VII Ba VIII


When publishing research making use of this tool, please acknowledge:
"The TMAD tool (http://astro.uni-tuebingen.de/~TMAD) used for this paper was constructed as part of the activities of the German Astrophysical Virtual Observatory."

Please do not hesitate to should any question arise.


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